In the fiscal year of 2021, federal obligations for research and development amounted to 185.41 billion U.S. dollars. This is an increase from the fiscal year of 1991, when federal obligations were 64.15 billion U.S. dollars.
Total Federal obligations for Research and Development (R&D) including research facilities (R&D plants) from FY 1991 to FY 2021
(in billion U.S. dollars)
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National Science Foundation. (May 12, 2022). Total Federal obligations for Research and Development (R&D) including research facilities (R&D plants) from FY 1991 to FY 2021 (in billion U.S. dollars) [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved December 23, 2024, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/188951/federal-obligations-for-research-and-development-including-plants-since-1991/
National Science Foundation. "Total Federal obligations for Research and Development (R&D) including research facilities (R&D plants) from FY 1991 to FY 2021 (in billion U.S. dollars)." Chart. May 12, 2022. Statista. Accessed December 23, 2024. https://www.statista.com/statistics/188951/federal-obligations-for-research-and-development-including-plants-since-1991/
National Science Foundation. (2022). Total Federal obligations for Research and Development (R&D) including research facilities (R&D plants) from FY 1991 to FY 2021 (in billion U.S. dollars). Statista. Statista Inc.. Accessed: December 23, 2024. https://www.statista.com/statistics/188951/federal-obligations-for-research-and-development-including-plants-since-1991/
National Science Foundation. "Total Federal Obligations for Research and Development (R&d) including Research Facilities (R&d Plants) from Fy 1991 to Fy 2021 (in Billion U.S. Dollars)." Statista, Statista Inc., 12 May 2022, https://www.statista.com/statistics/188951/federal-obligations-for-research-and-development-including-plants-since-1991/
National Science Foundation, Total Federal obligations for Research and Development (R&D) including research facilities (R&D plants) from FY 1991 to FY 2021 (in billion U.S. dollars) Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/188951/federal-obligations-for-research-and-development-including-plants-since-1991/ (last visited December 23, 2024)
Total Federal obligations for Research and Development (R&D) including research facilities (R&D plants) from FY 1991 to FY 2021 (in billion U.S. dollars) [Graph], National Science Foundation, May 12, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/188951/federal-obligations-for-research-and-development-including-plants-since-1991/
