The European Union's gross domestic product (GDP) increased by 26.11 percent between 2005 and 2022. During this same period, EU production-based carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions from fossil fuel and industry declined by 26.05 percent, to just over 2.7 billion metric tons. Many countries in the European Union have managed to achieve an absolute decoupling of economic growth and emissions during this time. Both Denmark and Germany, for example, saw GDP growth of 24 percent, while their emissions declined by 44 and 23 percent, respectively.
Change in carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions and GDP in the European Union from 2005 to 2022
(in percent)
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) figures are adjusted for inflation.
Supplementary notes
*Annual total production-based emissions of carbon dioxide (CO₂), excluding land-use change, measured in metric tons. This is based on territorial emissions, which do not account for emissions embedded in traded goods.
GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the country plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2017 international dollars.
**Consumption-based emissions focuses on emissions generated in production according to where they were consumed, rather than where they were produced. Equals production-based emissions, minus emissions embedded in exports, plus emissions embedded in imports. Data only available until 2021.
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OWID. (June 19, 2024). Change in carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions and GDP in the European Union from 2005 to 2022 (in percent) [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved November 21, 2024, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1483018/change-in-emissions-and-gdp-eu/
OWID. "Change in carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions and GDP in the European Union from 2005 to 2022 (in percent)." Chart. June 19, 2024. Statista. Accessed November 21, 2024. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1483018/change-in-emissions-and-gdp-eu/
OWID. (2024). Change in carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions and GDP in the European Union from 2005 to 2022 (in percent). Statista. Statista Inc.. Accessed: November 21, 2024. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1483018/change-in-emissions-and-gdp-eu/
OWID. "Change in Carbon Dioxide (Co₂) Emissions and Gdp in The European Union from 2005 to 2022 (in Percent)." Statista, Statista Inc., 19 Jun 2024, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1483018/change-in-emissions-and-gdp-eu/
OWID, Change in carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions and GDP in the European Union from 2005 to 2022 (in percent) Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1483018/change-in-emissions-and-gdp-eu/ (last visited November 21, 2024)
Change in carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions and GDP in the European Union from 2005 to 2022 (in percent) [Graph], OWID, June 19, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1483018/change-in-emissions-and-gdp-eu/
