The global domestic product (GDP) increased by 70.2 percent between 2005 and 2022, to roughly 139 trillion U.S. dollars (in 2017 prices). During this same period, global carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions from fossil fuel and industry grew 25.54 percent, to just over 37 billion metric tons. Many countries have managed to achieve absolute decoupling of economic growth and emissions during this time. Denmark and the United Kingdom, for example, saw GDP growth of 27 and 24 percent, respectively, while emissions in both countries declined by 44 percent.
Decoupling of carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions and GDP worldwide from 2005 to 2022
(in percent)
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) figures are adjusted for inflation.
Supplementary notes
*Annual total production-based emissions of carbon dioxide (CO₂), excluding land-use change, measured in metric tons. This is based on territorial emissions, which do not account for emissions embedded in traded goods.
GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the country plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2017 international dollars.
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OWID. (June 20, 2024). Decoupling of carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions and GDP worldwide from 2005 to 2022 (in percent) [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved January 08, 2025, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1482108/change-in-co2-emissions-and-gdp-worldwide/
OWID. "Decoupling of carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions and GDP worldwide from 2005 to 2022 (in percent)." Chart. June 20, 2024. Statista. Accessed January 08, 2025. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1482108/change-in-co2-emissions-and-gdp-worldwide/
OWID. (2024). Decoupling of carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions and GDP worldwide from 2005 to 2022 (in percent). Statista. Statista Inc.. Accessed: January 08, 2025. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1482108/change-in-co2-emissions-and-gdp-worldwide/
OWID. "Decoupling of Carbon Dioxide (Co₂) Emissions and Gdp Worldwide from 2005 to 2022 (in Percent)." Statista, Statista Inc., 20 Jun 2024, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1482108/change-in-co2-emissions-and-gdp-worldwide/
OWID, Decoupling of carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions and GDP worldwide from 2005 to 2022 (in percent) Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1482108/change-in-co2-emissions-and-gdp-worldwide/ (last visited January 08, 2025)
Decoupling of carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions and GDP worldwide from 2005 to 2022 (in percent) [Graph], OWID, June 20, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1482108/change-in-co2-emissions-and-gdp-worldwide/
