Digital payments in France are dominated by cards, both in POS and online shopping, due to the popularity of Cartes Bancaires. Carte Bancaires or CB - French for "bank cards" - is a domestic card scheme co-branded with Visa and Mastercard. More than half of
are debit cards, but the French tend to refer to any payment card when using the term "Cartes Bancaires" - including cards not from this brand.
, as debit and credit cards together made up more than eight out of 10 transactions in physical stores. Digital wallets are slowly becoming popular in France, most notably in e-commerce. Google Pay was a more
than Apple Pay.
Digital payments refer to any form of cashless payment, or payments conducted without banknotes or coins, in an online or offline environment. Such payments can include mobile payments - digital payments performed with a mobile device - but also relatively new trends like buy now, pay later (BNPL), cryptocurrency, or instant (real-time) payments. Out of all these digital options, which developments are noteworthy to know about for France?
Will an e-commerce boom enable alternative payments in France?
One of Europe's most populated countries,
e-commerce in France was relatively small compared to total retail sales, even declining over the years. Some may see this small market size as an opportunity to expand revenue and maybe compete against Cartes Bancaires. Digital wallets - such as Apple Pay and Google Pay - are considered payments that could benefit from future growth in online shopping in France.
French consumers had concerns about mobile wallet security, however, fearing potential fraud or piracy. Indeed, French consumers were
more skeptical than consumers from elsewhere regarding an e-commerce merchant's ability to prevent fraud.
France's experiments with CBDC for cross-border settlements
Since November 2022, France's central bank - with those of Switzerland and Singapore, as well as BIS (Bank for International Settlements) - participates in a pilot project on cross-border CBDC (central bank-issued digital currency) settlement using DeFi (Decentralized Finance) protocols. The six-month trial, named Project Mariana, is meant to test a new digital infrastructure for easy FX trading between countries. France was also
the main country in Europe to experiment with the digital euro. Before this, France experimented with CBDC in 2020 to settle
French government bonds - an experiment no other country had tried until then. France's goals with these experiments are to support cross-border settlements and to manage liquidity in Decentralized Finance. France's central bank is
not creating retail CBDC projects for consumers like in China and the Bahamas.
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