Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) includes a range of disabilities characterized by repetitive behaviors, sensory issues, and difficulties with speech, nonverbal communication and socializing. The degree of disability varies from person to person and can involve mild impairment from symptoms to severe disability in which extensive support is required. The word “spectrum” is used to describe this wide array of disability degrees and symptoms, which includes Asperger’s syndrome and Autistic disorder. Signs of ASD are usually recognized early in life, with
Prevalence of autism in the United States
In 2020, it was estimated that 27.6 out of every 1,000
children in the U.S. had ASD, more than four times the rate of 6.7 per 1,000 for the year 2000. There is no concrete explanation for the rise in ASD rates that started in the 1970’s, however genes, environmental factors, and changes in the definition and diagnosis of ASD have all been thought to play a role. The prevalence of ASD is unevenly distributed between the genders, with males disproportionately diagnosed with such disorders.
Among select U.S. states it was found that in 2020 California had the highest prevalence rates of ASD among children aged eight years, followed by Minnesota and New Jersey. The estimated lifetime prevalence of ASD among children in the United States also differs slightly by race/ethnicity. For example, from 2016 to 2019, the
lifetime prevalence rate of ASD among non-Hispanic white children aged 3 to 17 years was 2.9 percent, while the prevalence for Hispanic children was 3.5 percent.
Understanding autism spectrum disorder
Although autism spectrum disorder can be severe and life impairing, much misinformation surrounds the conditions on the spectrum. Early treatment and proper care can significantly reduce difficulties among those diagnosed and help to develop the strengths that individuals with such disorders possess. Furthermore, even though the exact causes of ASD remain a mystery, it is important to dispel myths surrounding the disorder to promote open dialogue and eliminate unreasonable fears and prejudice. For example, a recent survey found that 13 percent of
U.S. adults thought certain vaccines caused autism and a further 51 percent were unsure, despite no evidence of any such connection.
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