Mexico operates under a federal presidential republic system, wherein power is divided among the president, the Union Congress, and the Supreme Court of Justice. In terms of governance, Mexico follows a multiparty democratic structure overseen by the National Electoral Institute (INE), which independently regulates and organizes electoral processes, ensuring their integrity and dependability. The INE also assumes the responsibility of allocating
. In recent years, President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador (AMLO) initiated a restructuring of INE, citing inadequate performance and excessive party funding. Notably, AMLO's party received the highest sum of money in 2024.
Voter turnout
Growing disillusionment with political parties, unified with concerns about the perceived wastefulness of political campaigns and corruption, has led to
voter abstention in Mexico, more visible in Northern states. Many individuals feel that their vote does not effectively represent their interests and that resources could be better allocated to more pressing needs. This sentiment has resulted in a rise in the number of people abstaining from voting during elections. However, in the 2024 presidential election, there was a aconsiderable increase in
voter turnout, with 60.12 million votes cast, representing 61 percent of the voting population.
The meteoric rise of MORENA
As the first left-wing political party to secure victory in Mexico's 2018 presidential election, led by AMLO, it has experienced remarkable growth since its establishment in 2012. This party emphasizes economic austerity, indigenous nationalism, LGBT rights, legal abortion, and anti-corruption measures. Despite Mexico's improved
corruption index, the party has faced accusations of lacking transparency and obstructing access to information by the National Institute for Transparency, Access to Information and Data Protection (INAI). Furthermore, this presidential term has witnessed the highest
number of homicides and general unsafety in the country´s recent history. Notwithstanding these concerns, the party continues to enjoy significant popularity among the population, attributed to policies such as raising the
minimum wage, implementing social programs, and eliminating presidential jurisdiction. Additionally, the party holds for a second presidency in a row the majority representation in the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate.
The opposition coalition to regain power
Following their rivalry until 2020, the political parties PRI, PAN, and PRD joined forces to form the coalition "It´s for Mexico" to compete against the ruling party. This coalition aims to prioritize social causes, defend employment rights, support small and medium-sized enterprises, and
combat violence against women. PRI, historically the party with the longest governance tenure, experienced a decline in popularity, with its last president, Enrique Peña Nieto, losing public favor in 2018. Shaped by factors such as the infamous case of the Ayotzinapa student disappearances, constitutional changes, and a history of governance failures. Despite both PRI and PAN being considered among the most corrupt parties in the country, they still hold significant representation in the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate, following MORENA. Both parties receive
substantial campaign financing and had some of the highest
number of party members but struggle to regain trust and support of the people. PRD, on the other hand, has faced challenges in maintaining relevance after the departure of current President AMLO in 2012 to form his party. The coalition has proven to be unsuccessful for the second election process in a row, as presidential candidate Xochitl Gálvez only managed to win the votes in
one singular state during the 2024 presidential race.
2024 presidential race
As of June 2nd, 2024, Mexico held the
presidential elections with over 97.6 million eligible voters. As the
polls prior to the ballots suggested, the
results were overwhelmingly positive for Claudia Sheinbaum and Morena, the former governor of Mexico City, managed to register almost 60 percent of the votes and became the first elected female president in the history of the country, while Xóchitl Gálvez (It’s for Mexico) and Jorge Máynez (Movimiento Ciudadano) registered 27.5 and 10.3 percent, respectively. However, experts express concerns that once President AMLO leaves the party, it may face challenges in retaining its power, as many supporters may have been primarily drawn to the president himself. Nevertheless, if it becomes known that AMLO will continue to influence the party's decision-making processes from behind the scenes, it is anticipated that people will remain loyal to the party as a whole.
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Due to varying update cycles, statistics can display more up-to-date
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