Mathilde Carlier
Research Expert covering transportation and logistics
Electric vehicles worldwide - Statistics & facts
After years of steep market expansion, electric vehicles are slowing down. Since 2022, many European countries have started to roll back the financial incentives provided to consumers purchasing EVs, which has the potential to create a negative demand shock in various domestic markets. However, while growth rates are lower than in previous years, the market is still developing. In Europe, the region the most affected by the end of EV subsidies, sales were up by 17 percent between 2022 and 2023, and other regions recorded even higher growth rates.
Higher fuel prices drive EV purchase intentions
Various factors contributed to electric vehicles’ success. The global inflation rate remained above six percent in 2023, impacting consumers’ purchasing power and intentions. However, the high fuel prices were seen by over a third of global consumers as an incentive to buy an electric vehicle. The rising oil prices beat out environmental concerns as the leading factor motivating an EV purchase, suggesting that inflation has the potential to impact how consumers think about their own mobility. In fact, among six countries surveyed in October 2023, the United States was the only one where over half of consumers would prefer a fossil fuel engine in their next vehicle.Environmental framework
Government agencies are increasingly beginning to introduce limits on nitrogen oxide and carbon dioxide emissions. Automakers are expected to be penalized if they fail to meet these limits. Despite the new regulations, standards, and goals in effect, opponents are right to criticize that the sources of electricity employed to power electric cars, as well as the materials (including cobalt, nickel, and lithium) used in car batteries, are generally not considered when it comes to calculating a vehicle’s carbon footprint. On the consumer level, most people in India, China, Germany, and the U.S. were concerned about the end-to-end environmental impact of EV batteries, showing an awareness of these issues.The challenge of charging accessibility
Electric vehicle accessibility is one of the challenges which could exacerbate consumers’ reliance on the regular power grid. Most car buyers surveyed expected to charge their vehicles at home. However, the cost of private charging installation was often perceived as prohibitive to consumers’ access to this type of charging. While range anxiety still ranked among consumers’ main concerns, answers to another survey suggest that the lack of charging stations in customers’ cities or routes was the leading factor discouraging EV purchases. This growth opportunity has led electric mobility start-ups involved with charging technology to receive the second-largest share of venture capital investments across e-mobility start-ups. Automakers worldwide will have to focus on clean fuel sources and sustainable supply chains. In 2015, Volkswagen experienced how disrespecting emerging environmental regulations may hurt its brand image. The company started delivering its electric ID.4 model in 2020 and consistently ranked among the best-selling EV brands. By 2023, the Volkswagen Group was the fifth leading EV automaker worldwide.
