U.S. workers with self-funded health insurance in 2023, by plan type and firm size

Figure includes covered workers enrolled in self-funded plans in which the firm's liability is limited through stoploss coverage. Self-funded plans: an insurance arrangement in which the employer assumes direct financial responsibility for the costs of enrollees’ medical claims. Employers sponsoring self-funded plans typically contract with a third-party administrator or insurer to provide administrative services for the self-funded plan. In some cases, the employer may buy stoploss coverage from an insurer to protect the employer against very large claims.
PPO = preferred provider organization.
HDHP/SO = high-deductible health plan with savings option.