Active military personnel MENA 2024, by country

Among the top seven countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) in terms of active military personnel, Iran, which topped the list, was the only non-Arab nation. Saudi Arabia had the fourth-largest number of active military personnel and was the only Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) country to make the top ten. All other GCC countries were in the bottom eight, with Kuwait having the second-highest number of active personnel in the council at 72,000 servicemen. Among African countries, Egypt and Algeria topped the list, with 450 and 325 thousand active personnel, respectively. 

Military strength

Due to their small native populations, many countries in the GCC often rely on foreign nationals to fill in force roles in the military. Equipment is often directly correlated to the number of personnel in service. When looking at the number of tanks among armies in the MENA region, there is a clear correspondence with the level of active personnel each army has. Likewise, another key indicator of military strength is the number of military aircraft MENA countries have in operation. Israel is one of the few countries in the region that has a thriving defense export industry due to investments in R&D and local manufacturing. 

Increased defense spending

In recent years, military spending among MENA countries has increased, with GCC countries prioritizing defense and furthering cooperation with foreign manufacturers. Qatar, which has one of the highest military spending in the region, has sought to enhance strategic partnerships with mainly Western allies after neighboring countries imposed a three-year land, sea, and air blockade on the small country in 2017. Most militaries seek to ensure as much uniformity as possible when procuring military equipment to keep costs down, facilitate more efficient training, and ensure cross-platform compatibility with existing systems. However, as of 2024, Qatar placed orders for high-end equipment, particularly fighter jets, from France, the United Kingdom, and the United States simultaneously, thereby linking their defense to the potential loss of billions in equipment orders and foreign jobs.