Annual total per-patient costs of select chronic diseases U.S. 2000-2016

* Costs adjusted to 2015 U.S. dollars using the Personal Consumption Expenditures health component price index. Excludes 2-year cost estimates from two studies, estimates from one study examining only hospital costs, and estimates from one study examining only ambulatory cancer costs. Six-month cancer cost estimates included but noted.
Estimates for physical conditions from one study reporting the total cost per patient with the disease alone (without the presence of other major chronic conditions) were treated as outliers and excluded.

HF/CHF: Minimum is for a medication-adherent patient. Estimate from a regression-adjusted model comparing adherent and nonadherent patients.
Hypertension: Minimum is estimate for a medication-adherent patient. Includes only emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and medication costs. Estimate from a regression-adjusted model comparing adherent and nonadherent patients.
Diabetes: Minimum is estimate for a diabetes patient with hyperlipidemia who is adherent to medication.
Cancer: Minimum is total costs per cancer patient in the 6 months following initiation of treatment.
COPD: Minimum includes only physician office, inpatient, and outpatient costs. Estimate from a regression-adjusted model comparing total cost per COPD patient with a matched non-COPD cohort.
Depression/schizophrenia: Minimum is cost of a patient with the condition alone (without the presence of other major chronic conditions).