People usually working from home Europe 2023

As of 2023, 8.9 percent of employed people in the European Union usually worked from home. This share of home-office workers varied widely between European countries, with a 21 percent of finish workers usually working from home, compared to only one percent of Romanian workers. It was in general more common for women to work from home usually than men, however, this was notably reversed in some countries, such as Ireland where almost 23 percent of men regularly worked from home.

Percentage of employed people usually working from home in Europe 2023, by country

Characteristic	Total	Male	Female
European Union	8.9%	8.4%	9.5%
Euro area	9.9%	9.3%	10.6%
Finland	21.7%	21.3%	22.1%
Ireland	21.4%	22.8%	19.7%
Netherlands	17.8%	12.8%	12.6%
Belgium	14.3%	12.9%	15.9%
Sweden	14.3%	14.4%	14.2%
Germany	12.9%	12.7%	13.2%
Luxembourg	12.7%	11.4%	14.3%
Estonia	12%	9.9%	14.2%
Malta	11.8%	9.9%	13.6%
Austria	10.9%	10.3%	11.6%
France	10.8%	9.2%	12.4%
Switzerland	8.3%	7.6%	9%
Norway	8.2%	9.1%	7.2%
Latvia	8.1%	7.2%	8.9%
Denmark	7.9%	8%	7.8%
Portugal	7.7%	8%	7.4%
Spain	7.1%	6.8%	7.5%
Iceland	6.6%	6.6%	6.4%
Slovenia	6.4%	5.8%	7.1%
Czechia	6.1%	5.8%	6.4%
Lithuania	5.6%	5.5%	5.7%
Poland	5.4%	5.5%	5.3%
Slovakia	4.9%	5.3%	4.5%
Croatia	4.8%	4.2%	5.5%
Italy	4.4%	4.1%	4.7%
Cyprus	3.9%	3.7%	5.1%
Hungary	2.8%	3.4%	3.2%
Greece	1.9%	1.6%	2.3%
Romania	1.2%	0.9%	1.7%
Bulgaria	1%	1%	1.1%

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Release date

September 2024

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Region

Europe, EU

Survey time period

2023

Age group

15-64 years

Supplementary notes

“Usually working at home” means doing at home any productive work related to the current job for at least half of the days worked in a reference period of four weeks

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