Monopile is by far the most commonly used foundation type for wind turbines in Europe. As of 2020, there were 4,681 such substructures for grid-connected turbines. By comparison, there are only six floating spar buoy substructures currently in use.
Number of substructure types for grid-connected offshore wind turbines in Europe in 2020
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WindEurope . (February 8, 2021). Number of substructure types for grid-connected offshore wind turbines in Europe in 2020 [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved December 22, 2024, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/666651/share-substructures-wind-farms-eu/
WindEurope . "Number of substructure types for grid-connected offshore wind turbines in Europe in 2020." Chart. February 8, 2021. Statista. Accessed December 22, 2024. https://www.statista.com/statistics/666651/share-substructures-wind-farms-eu/
WindEurope . (2021). Number of substructure types for grid-connected offshore wind turbines in Europe in 2020. Statista. Statista Inc.. Accessed: December 22, 2024. https://www.statista.com/statistics/666651/share-substructures-wind-farms-eu/
WindEurope . "Number of Substructure Types for Grid-connected Offshore Wind Turbines in Europe in 2020." Statista, Statista Inc., 8 Feb 2021, https://www.statista.com/statistics/666651/share-substructures-wind-farms-eu/
WindEurope , Number of substructure types for grid-connected offshore wind turbines in Europe in 2020 Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/666651/share-substructures-wind-farms-eu/ (last visited December 22, 2024)
Number of substructure types for grid-connected offshore wind turbines in Europe in 2020 [Graph], WindEurope , February 8, 2021. [Online]. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/666651/share-substructures-wind-farms-eu/