Deadliest non-state conflicts in Africa 2023

In Africa, the deadliest conflict not involving state actors in 2023 occurred in Burkina Faso and Mali, where more than 430 people were killed in fighting between the JNIM and the Islamic State. This was followed by the conflict between the IS and JAS in Nigeria.

Number of fatalities in non-state conflicts in Africa in 2023, by conflict detail

Parties involved	Fatalities
Burkina Faso and Mali [JNIM vs. IS]	436
Nigeria [IS vs. JAS]	373
Somalia [SSC-Khatumo Administration vs. Republic of Somaliland]	290
Sudan [Beni Halba Baggara vs. Samat Baggara]	252
DR Congo [M23 vs. VDP]	215
Nigeria [Fulani vs. Mwaghavul]	215
Nigeria [Fulani vs. Mwaghavul vs. Ron]	198
Nigeria [Fulani vs. Tiv]	190
Sudan [Habaniya vs. Salamat Baggara]	175
South Sudan [Luac Jang Dinka vs. Pakam Dinka]	150
Sudan [Arab vs. Gimir]	126
Central African Rep. [Azande Ani KpiGbe vs. CPC]	101
DR Congo [Lengola vs. Mbole]	89
Nigeria [Birom vs. Fulani]	86
Mali [Dan na Ambassagou vs. JNIM]	85
Nigeria [Atyap vs. Fulani]	74
South Sudan and Sudan [Twic Dinka vs. Ngoc Dinka]	72
Nigeria [Karimjo vs. Wurukum]	70
DR Congo [URDPC vs. Zaire self-defense group]	69
Nigeria [Black Axe vs. Eyie]	66
Nigeria [Fulani vs. Idoma]	54
Nigeria [Fulani vs. Kuteb]	51
DR Congo [FPIC Chambre noire sanduku vs. URDPC]	45
Ethiopia [Anuak vs. Nuer]	43
Chad [Farmers vs. Herders]	42
Sudan [Arab vs. Masalit]	39
Ethiopia [Amhara vs. Oromo]	34
DR Congo [CNPSC vs. Mayi Mayi Bishambuke]	32
Mozambique [IS vs. Naparama]	30
Nigeria [Chain Guys. Full Force]	30
DR Congo [Teke vs. Yaka]	28
Sudan [Hausa vs. Nuba]	25

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Release date

May 2024

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Region

Africa

Survey time period

2023

Supplementary notes

ACPLS = Alliance des patriotes pour un Congo libre et souverain

CMA = Mouvement national pour la libération de l'Azawad
CMC = Collectif des mouvements pour le changement

CNPSC = National Coalition of the People for the Sovereignty of the Congo

CPC = Coalition of Patriots for Change
DFP = Majlis Shūrā al-Mujāhidīn Darnah
FPIC=Patriotic and Integrationist Forces of the Congo
FPRC = ex-Seleka
FRPI=Patriotic Force of Resistance in Ituri

JAS = People Committed to Propagating the Prophet's Teachings and Jihad
JNIM=Jamaat Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin

M23 = March 23 movement
MLCJ = Mouvement des Libérateurs Centrafricains pour la Justice
IS = al-Dawla al-Islamiyya
NDV = Niger Delta Vigilante
PDP = People's Democratic Party
UPC = Union pour la Paix en Centrafrique
URDPC=Union of Revolutionaries for the Defense of the Congolese People

VDP = Volontaires pour la Défense de la Patrie

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