Global non-renewable energy reserves breakdown 2023, by source

Figures were calculated by Statista based on absolute figures provided by the source. Figures were rounded.

According to the source, the energy sources are classified as follows:

1. Non-conventional oil: oil sands / heavy oil and oil shale
2. Non-conventional natural gas: shale gas/tight gas, coal bed methane (CBM), gas hydrates and aquifers

The source distinguishes between "reserves" and "resources" as follows: Reserves: Quantities of energy sources which were accurately recorded and can be commercially extracted using current technologies Resources: Quantities of energy sources which are either proved but currently not commercially recoverable or expected (on the basis of geological indicators) and can be verified by exploration.