As of April 2024, Japan held United States treasury securities totaling about 1.15 trillion U.S. dollars.
Foreign holders of United States treasury debt
According to the Federal Reserve and U.S. Department of the Treasury, foreign countries held a total of eight trillion U.S. dollars in U.S. treasury securities as of January 2024. Of the total held by foreign countries, Japan and Mainland China held the greatest portions, with China holding 797.7 billion U.S. dollars in U.S. securities. Other foreign holders included oil exporting countries and Caribbean banking centers.
The U.S. public debt
In 2022, the United States had a total public national debt of 30.9 trillion U.S. dollars, an amount that has been rising steadily, particularly since 2008. In 2022, the total interest expense on debt held by the public of the United States reached 497 billion U.S. dollars, while 227 billion U.S. dollars in interest expense were intragovernmental debt holdings. Total outlays of the U.S. government were 6.37 trillion U.S. dollars in 2022. By 2028, spending is projected to reach eight trillion U.S. dollars.
Major foreign holders of United States treasury securities as of April 2024
(in billion U.S. dollars)
Characteristic
Securities in billion U.S. dollars
All Other
1,459
Japan
1,150.3
China, Mainland
770.7
United Kingdom
710.2
Luxembourg
384.4
Canada
338.2
Cayman Islands
319.4
Belgium
312.4
Ireland
307.6
France
276.5
Switzerland
272
Taiwan
257.3
India
233.5
Created with Highcharts 7.2.2Securities in billion U.S. dollars1,4591,4591,150.31,150.3770.7770.7710.2710.2384.4384.4338.2338.2319.4319.4312.4312.4307.6307.6276.5276.5272272257.3257.3233.5233.5223.6223.6220.9220.9207.5207.5138.3138.3135.4135.4119.9119.993.693.687.187.1All OtherJapanChina, MainlandUnited KingdomLuxembourgCanadaCayman IslandsBelgiumIrelandFranceSwitzerlandTaiwanIndiaBrazilHong KongSingaporeNorwaySaudi ArabiaSouth KoreaMexicoGermany
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The data are collected primarily from U.S.-based custodians and broker-dealers. Since U.S. securities held in overseas custody accounts may not be attributed to the actual owners, the data may not provide a precise accounting of individual country ownership of Treasury securities.
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Federal Reserve, & US Department of the Treasury. (July 4, 2024). Major foreign holders of United States treasury securities as of April 2024 (in billion U.S. dollars) [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved January 23, 2025, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/246420/major-foreign-holders-of-us-treasury-debt/
Federal Reserve, und US Department of the Treasury. "Major foreign holders of United States treasury securities as of April 2024 (in billion U.S. dollars)." Chart. July 4, 2024. Statista. Accessed January 23, 2025. https://www.statista.com/statistics/246420/major-foreign-holders-of-us-treasury-debt/
Federal Reserve, US Department of the Treasury. (2024). Major foreign holders of United States treasury securities as of April 2024 (in billion U.S. dollars). Statista. Statista Inc.. Accessed: January 23, 2025. https://www.statista.com/statistics/246420/major-foreign-holders-of-us-treasury-debt/
Federal Reserve, and US Department of the Treasury. "Major Foreign Holders of United States Treasury Securities as of April 2024 (in Billion U.S. Dollars)." Statista, Statista Inc., 4 Jul 2024, https://www.statista.com/statistics/246420/major-foreign-holders-of-us-treasury-debt/
Federal Reserve & US Department of the Treasury, Major foreign holders of United States treasury securities as of April 2024 (in billion U.S. dollars) Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/246420/major-foreign-holders-of-us-treasury-debt/ (last visited January 23, 2025)
Major foreign holders of United States treasury securities as of April 2024 (in billion U.S. dollars) [Graph], Federal Reserve, & US Department of the Treasury, July 4, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/246420/major-foreign-holders-of-us-treasury-debt/
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