Emissions trading: global carbon market value 2013-2016
Carbon emissions trading by companies
There are various types of emission policies that aim to curb greenhouse gas emissions. The carbon emissions trading or cap and trade, which generally targets carbon dioxide (CO2), is one of the most common methods used around the world. The global carbon market has reached some 48.3 billion euros by 2015. Carbon trading allows a company or country with higher emissions to purchase permits to emit more, while others with lower emissions can trade their emission permits. Over the last few years, the cost of permits have risen which have increased the cost of activities that are greenhouse gas emission-intensive.
In 2010, E.on, a German electric utility company, was one of the largest buyers of UN-certified carbon credits in Europe, totaling some 3.5 million metric tons of carbon dioxide. E.on is one of the largest electric utilities in the world and has a market value of 30.3 billion U.S. dollars as of April 2015. In 2010, some of the other largest carbon credit buyers were mostly companies that operated coal plants or produced steel and iron ore. The coal sector is one of the largest emitters of carbon dioxide. Globally, it released 15.5 billion metric tons in 2015, whereas the natural gas sector released some 6.6 billion metric tons. The carbon offset sales of renewable energy from U.S.-based sources reached 591,800 megawatt hour equivalents in 2010.