U.S. Senate composition by political party affiliation 2023

The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the country's legislative body. It is made up of 100 Senators, two from each states. Senators serve six year terms, but elections are staggered. In any given election year, one third of the Senate will be up for reelection. The 118th Congress was sworn-in in January 2023 with a Democratic majority given that the three Independent Senators caucus with the Democratic Party.

Composition of the U.S. Senate by political party affiliation from 1983 to 2023

Characteristic	Democrat	Republican	Other parties*
118th Congress, 2023	48	49	3
117th Congress, 2021***	48	50	2
116th Congress, 2019	45	53	2
115th Congress, 2017	47	51	2
114th Congress, 2015	44	54	2
113th Congress, 2013	53	45	2
112th Congress, 2011	51	47	2
111th Congress, 2009	57	41	2
110th Congress, 2007	49	49	2
109th Congress, 2005	44	55	1
108th Congress, 2003	48	51	1
107th Congress, 2001**	50	50	-
106th Congress, 1999	45	55	-
105th Congress, 1997	45	55	-
104th Congress, 1995	48	52	-
103rd Congress, 1993	57	43	-
102nd Congress, 1991	56	44	-
101st Congress, 1989	55	45	-
100th Congress, 1987	55	45	-
99th Congress, 1985	47	53	-
98th Congress, 1983	45	55	-

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Release date

January 2023

More information

Region

United States

Survey time period

1983 to 2023

Supplementary notes

Data are as of the beginning of each session, and reflect immediate results.
Release date is date of last access.

* Since 2003, all "other party" candidates have caucused with the Democratic Party.

** With the Senate evenly divided, Democratic Vice President Al Gore held the deciding vote from January 3 to 20, 2001. From then onwards, Republican Vice President Richard Cheney held the deciding vote, giving the majority to the Republicans.
In May 2001, the Senator from Vermont announced his switch from the Republican Party to Independent. As an Independent Senator, he caucused with the Democrats, changing the balance of power to the Democratic Party.

***The Senate was evenly divided once again in 2021, with Democratic Vice President Kamala Harris having the deciding vote in the case of a tie.

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