The total gross domestic expenditure on research & development in Turkey added up to 377.5 billion Turkish lira in 2023. The funds from financial and non-financial corporations accounted for the highest value of R&D expenditure that year, amounting to roughly 198.6 billion Turkish lira.
Gross domestic expenditure on research and development in Turkey from 2020 to 2023, by source of funds
(in billion Turkish lira)
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TurkStat. (November 6, 2024). Gross domestic expenditure on research and development in Turkey from 2020 to 2023, by source of funds (in billion Turkish lira) [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved November 24, 2024, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1537086/turkey-expenditure-on-randd-by-fund-source/
TurkStat. "Gross domestic expenditure on research and development in Turkey from 2020 to 2023, by source of funds (in billion Turkish lira)." Chart. November 6, 2024. Statista. Accessed November 24, 2024. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1537086/turkey-expenditure-on-randd-by-fund-source/
TurkStat. (2024). Gross domestic expenditure on research and development in Turkey from 2020 to 2023, by source of funds (in billion Turkish lira). Statista. Statista Inc.. Accessed: November 24, 2024. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1537086/turkey-expenditure-on-randd-by-fund-source/
TurkStat. "Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development in Turkey from 2020 to 2023, by Source of Funds (in Billion Turkish Lira)." Statista, Statista Inc., 6 Nov 2024, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1537086/turkey-expenditure-on-randd-by-fund-source/
TurkStat, Gross domestic expenditure on research and development in Turkey from 2020 to 2023, by source of funds (in billion Turkish lira) Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1537086/turkey-expenditure-on-randd-by-fund-source/ (last visited November 24, 2024)
Gross domestic expenditure on research and development in Turkey from 2020 to 2023, by source of funds (in billion Turkish lira) [Graph], TurkStat, November 6, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1537086/turkey-expenditure-on-randd-by-fund-source/
