The gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) as a percentage of GDP in Poland increased in the observed period from 0.55 percent in 2004 to 1.56 percent in 2023.
GERD is the gross domestic expenditure on research and development and is the total financial resources (both national and foreign) spent on research and development.
Gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) as a percentage of GDP after Poland's accession to the European Union (EU) from 2004 to 2023
Characteristic
GERD as percentage of GDP
2004
0.55%
2005
0.56%
2006
0.55%
2007
0.56%
2008
0.6%
2009
0.66%
2010
0.72%
2011
0.75%
2012
0.88%
2013
0.88%
2014
0.94%
2015
1%
2016
0.96%
0.4%0.6%0.8%1%1.2%1.4%1.6%1.8%
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Gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) as a percentage of GDP after Poland's accession to the European Union (EU) from 2004 to 2023
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Central Statistical Office of Poland. (December 30, 2024). Gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) as a percentage of GDP after Poland's accession to the European Union (EU) from 2004 to 2023 [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved March 14, 2025, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1475115/poland-randd-spending-as-share-of-gdp-after-accession-to-the-eu/
Central Statistical Office of Poland. "Gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) as a percentage of GDP after Poland's accession to the European Union (EU) from 2004 to 2023." Chart. December 30, 2024. Statista. Accessed March 14, 2025. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1475115/poland-randd-spending-as-share-of-gdp-after-accession-to-the-eu/
Central Statistical Office of Poland. (2024). Gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) as a percentage of GDP after Poland's accession to the European Union (EU) from 2004 to 2023. Statista. Statista Inc.. Accessed: March 14, 2025. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1475115/poland-randd-spending-as-share-of-gdp-after-accession-to-the-eu/
Central Statistical Office of Poland. "Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development (Gerd) as a Percentage of Gdp after Poland's Accession to The European Union (Eu) from 2004 to 2023." Statista, Statista Inc., 30 Dec 2024, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1475115/poland-randd-spending-as-share-of-gdp-after-accession-to-the-eu/
Central Statistical Office of Poland, Gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) as a percentage of GDP after Poland's accession to the European Union (EU) from 2004 to 2023 Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1475115/poland-randd-spending-as-share-of-gdp-after-accession-to-the-eu/ (last visited March 14, 2025)
Gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) as a percentage of GDP after Poland's accession to the European Union (EU) from 2004 to 2023 [Graph], Central Statistical Office of Poland, December 30, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1475115/poland-randd-spending-as-share-of-gdp-after-accession-to-the-eu/
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