Migration index in Bologna 2010-2022

The migration rate in Bologna municipality between 2010 and 2022 has always been positive. Hence, the city consistently attracted new residents, even though with a decreasing trend. In fact, the worst data was recorded in 2020 during the COVID-19 outbreak, when the index significantly dropped from 11.8 to 5.9 immigrants per 1,000 residents. In the following years, it rapidly reached the pre-pandemic levels, settling at 9.5 immigrants per 1,000 inhabitants in 2022. The positive migration rate pattern is coherent with Bologna's population growth over the last ten years.