The global average emissions intensity of steel production in 2022 was 1.91 metric tons of carbon dioxide (tCO₂) per metric ton of crude steel cast. The CO₂ emissions intensity of steel production has increased by roughly six percent since 2007. The most carbon intensive steel production process is blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace (BF-BOF).
Average carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions intensity of steel production worldwide from 2007 to 2022
(in metric tons of CO₂ per metric ton of crude steel cast)
CO₂ emissions intensity includes all scopes (1, 2, and some scope 3). The two intensities represent production weighted averages between blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace (BF-BOF), scrap-based electric arc furnace (EAF) and direct reduced iron (DRI)-based EAF steel production.
BF-BOF = Blast Furnace-Basic Oxygen Furnace Scrap-EAF = Electric Arc Furnace Process DRI-EAF = Direct Reduced Iron-based electric arc furnace process
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World Steel Association. (November 6, 2023). Average carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions intensity of steel production worldwide from 2007 to 2022 (in metric tons of CO₂ per metric ton of crude steel cast) [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved December 21, 2024, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1446826/steel-emissions-intensity-worldwide/
World Steel Association. "Average carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions intensity of steel production worldwide from 2007 to 2022 (in metric tons of CO₂ per metric ton of crude steel cast)." Chart. November 6, 2023. Statista. Accessed December 21, 2024. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1446826/steel-emissions-intensity-worldwide/
World Steel Association. (2023). Average carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions intensity of steel production worldwide from 2007 to 2022 (in metric tons of CO₂ per metric ton of crude steel cast). Statista. Statista Inc.. Accessed: December 21, 2024. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1446826/steel-emissions-intensity-worldwide/
World Steel Association. "Average Carbon Dioxide (Co₂) Emissions Intensity of Steel Production Worldwide from 2007 to 2022 (in Metric Tons of Co₂ per Metric Ton of Crude Steel Cast)." Statista, Statista Inc., 6 Nov 2023, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1446826/steel-emissions-intensity-worldwide/
World Steel Association, Average carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions intensity of steel production worldwide from 2007 to 2022 (in metric tons of CO₂ per metric ton of crude steel cast) Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1446826/steel-emissions-intensity-worldwide/ (last visited December 21, 2024)
Average carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions intensity of steel production worldwide from 2007 to 2022 (in metric tons of CO₂ per metric ton of crude steel cast) [Graph], World Steel Association, November 6, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1446826/steel-emissions-intensity-worldwide/
