The global average carbon dioxide emissions intensity of steel production in 2022 was 1.91 metric tons of carbon dioxide (tCO₂) per metric ton of crude steel cast. The production route with the highest emissions intensity is blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace (BF-BOF), which produced 2.33 tCO₂ per metric ton of crude steel cast in 2022. By comparison, scrap-based electric arc furnace process (Scrap-EAF) emitted 0.68 tCO₂ per metric ton of crude steel cast.
Average carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions intensity of steel production worldwide from 2021 to 2022, by production route
(in metric tons of CO₂ per metric ton of crude steel)
Characteristic
2021
2022
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*Data concerning global crude steel production using DRI is not currently collected, the denominator in this calculation is therefore calculated by the worldsteel data management team based on information contained in worldsteel’s collective databases.
BF-BOF = Blast Furnace-Basic Oxygen Furnace Scrap-EAF = Electric Arc Furnace Process DRI-EAF = Direct Reduced Iron-based electric arc furnace process
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World Steel Association. (November 6, 2023). Average carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions intensity of steel production worldwide from 2021 to 2022, by production route (in metric tons of CO₂ per metric ton of crude steel) [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved August 24, 2024, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1446819/steel-emissions-intensity-by-production-route/
World Steel Association. "Average carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions intensity of steel production worldwide from 2021 to 2022, by production route (in metric tons of CO₂ per metric ton of crude steel)." Chart. November 6, 2023. Statista. Accessed August 24, 2024. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1446819/steel-emissions-intensity-by-production-route/
World Steel Association. (2023). Average carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions intensity of steel production worldwide from 2021 to 2022, by production route (in metric tons of CO₂ per metric ton of crude steel). Statista. Statista Inc.. Accessed: August 24, 2024. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1446819/steel-emissions-intensity-by-production-route/
World Steel Association. "Average Carbon Dioxide (Co₂) Emissions Intensity of Steel Production Worldwide from 2021 to 2022, by Production Route (in Metric Tons of Co₂ per Metric Ton of Crude Steel)." Statista, Statista Inc., 6 Nov 2023, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1446819/steel-emissions-intensity-by-production-route/
World Steel Association, Average carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions intensity of steel production worldwide from 2021 to 2022, by production route (in metric tons of CO₂ per metric ton of crude steel) Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1446819/steel-emissions-intensity-by-production-route/ (last visited August 24, 2024)
Average carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions intensity of steel production worldwide from 2021 to 2022, by production route (in metric tons of CO₂ per metric ton of crude steel) [Graph], World Steel Association, November 6, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1446819/steel-emissions-intensity-by-production-route/
