Global revenue from carbon pricing 2006-2023

The revenue raised by governments from carbon pricing initiatives was derived from official government accounts and budgets. Where data was unavailable for a certain year, the revenues have been extrapolated based on the carbon price rate. Where data from official government budgets was completely unavailable, the revenues have been estimated by multiplying the GHG emissions covered with the nominal carbon price on April 1 of that year. Due to the dynamic approach to continuously improve data quality and fluctuating exchange rates, data of different years may not always be comparable and could be amended following new information from official government sources. In addition, data for a limited number of initiatives may be incomplete as they are in the process of being validated and will be updated following confirmation from official government sources.