Article 49.3 of the French Constitution allows the government to pass a text without a vote in the National Assembly. On the other hand, parliamentarians can submit a motion of censure, which, if voted by a majority of deputies, would lead to the resignation of the government. In mid-March 2023, the French government, uncertain of obtaining a majority in the vote on the adoption of the pension reform in the National Assembly, announced that it would use this article to pass this unpopular reform.
More than four out of five French people considered this democratic bypass as a bad thing. Unsurprisingly, the most divided were the supporters of the presidential party, and those of Les Républicains.
Share of people considering the use of article 49.3 of the Constitution to adopt the pension reform as a bad thing in France in March 2023, by political proximity
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Harris Interactive. (March 16, 2023). Share of people considering the use of article 49.3 of the Constitution to adopt the pension reform as a bad thing in France in March 2023, by political proximity [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved December 21, 2024, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1373924/negative-view-use-article-493-pass-pension-reform-france-party/
Harris Interactive. "Share of people considering the use of article 49.3 of the Constitution to adopt the pension reform as a bad thing in France in March 2023, by political proximity." Chart. March 16, 2023. Statista. Accessed December 21, 2024. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1373924/negative-view-use-article-493-pass-pension-reform-france-party/
Harris Interactive. (2023). Share of people considering the use of article 49.3 of the Constitution to adopt the pension reform as a bad thing in France in March 2023, by political proximity. Statista. Statista Inc.. Accessed: December 21, 2024. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1373924/negative-view-use-article-493-pass-pension-reform-france-party/
Harris Interactive. "Share of People Considering The Use of Article 49.3 of The Constitution to Adopt The Pension Reform as a Bad Thing in France in March 2023, by Political Proximity." Statista, Statista Inc., 16 Mar 2023, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1373924/negative-view-use-article-493-pass-pension-reform-france-party/
Harris Interactive, Share of people considering the use of article 49.3 of the Constitution to adopt the pension reform as a bad thing in France in March 2023, by political proximity Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1373924/negative-view-use-article-493-pass-pension-reform-france-party/ (last visited December 21, 2024)
Share of people considering the use of article 49.3 of the Constitution to adopt the pension reform as a bad thing in France in March 2023, by political proximity [Graph], Harris Interactive, March 16, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1373924/negative-view-use-article-493-pass-pension-reform-france-party/
