EU internal trade by product class 2023

The majority of goods traded between European Union member states are either machinery and transport equipment or other manufactured goods, with chemicals also making up almost a fifth of EU trade. Over the period since 2002, the shares of these product categories have remained relatively stable, with a decline in heavy manufactured goods during the Great Recession and Eurozone Crisis of the early 2010s.

Annual share of goods traded within the European Union from 2002 to 2023, by product class

Characteristic	Machinery and transport equipment	Other manufactured goods	Chemicals and related products, n.e.s.	Mineral fuels, lubricants and related materials	Food, drinks and tobacco	Raw materials	Commodities and transactions not classified elsewhere in the SITC
2023	35.9%	25.3%	17.1%	6.9%	10.7%	3.6%	0.5%
2022	32.1%	25.9%	18.3%	9.5%	9.6%	3.9%	0.6%
2021	34.3%	26.7%	18.4%	6.1%	9.8%	4.1%	0.5%
2020	36.7%	26.3%	17.8%	4.2%	10.8%	3.6%	0.5%
2019	37.6%	26.5%	16.5%	5.6%	10.1%	3.5%	0.4%
2018	36.8%	26.9%	16.6%	5.9%	9.9%	3.7%	0.3%
2017	37.1%	27%	16.1%	5.3%	10.3%	3.7%	0.4%
2016	37.5%	27.1%	16.2%	4.8%	10.5%	3.6%	0.4%
2015	36.3%	26.8%	16.5%	5.9%	10.3%	3.8%	0.4%
2014	34.7%	26.6%	16.6%	7.5%	10.3%	4%	0.3%
2013	33.6%	26.2%	16.6%	8.6%	10.5%	4.1%	0.5%
2012	33.5%	26.2%	16.5%	8.9%	10%	4.2%	0.7%
2011	34.3%	27%	16.2%	7.9%	9.6%	4.4%	0.6%
2010	35.1%	26.9%	16.9%	6.7%	9.7%	4.2%	0.5%
2009	35.5%	26.9%	17.1%	6%	10.5%	3.5%	0.4%
2008	36.7%	27.7%	15.5%	7%	8.9%	3.9%	0.4%
2007	38.3%	28.3%	15.3%	5.4%	8.4%	3.8%	0.4%
2006	37.8%	28.1%	15.3%	6.2%	8.4%	3.8%	0.4%
2005	38.1%	27.8%	15.5%	6.1%	8.7%	3.5%	0.4%
2004	39.2%	27.9%	14.7%	4.6%	8.7%	3.5%	1.4%
2003	39.2%	28.2%	14.5%	3.9%	9%	3.3%	1.9%
2002	39.3%	28.6%	14.6%	3.8%	9%	3.4%	1.4%

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Release date

April 2024

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Region

Europe, EU

Survey time period

2002 to 2023

Supplementary notes

This data is representing the share of imports within the European Union on an annual basis. In theory, as every export within the union is another member state's import, the import and export shares should be identical. In practice, however, there are small irregularities in the figures, usually due to rounding errors, valuation differences, or other reasons for judging imports and exports differently.

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