After a decade where the European Union experienced some of the most severe crises in its history during the 2010s, with growing populist movements opposing further EU integration, the break-out of the COVID-19 pandemic in February of 2020 was not a good omen for how the bloc would fare in the 2020s. Counter-intuitively, however, the pandemic actually resulted in increasing recognition of the need for European cooperation in a whole range of policy areas. On average, almost two thirds of respondents in nine EU countries agreed that the pandemic showed that the member states needed to work together, compared to less than a fifth who thought it had shown the pitfalls of EU integration.
The COVID pandemic shook the union into action, as the states were forced to cooperate on a number of issues such as managing the movement of people within the EU, determining coherent entry requirements from outside of the union, and financing the fiscal and public health response to the crisis. While the EU was initially criticized for moving too slowly in vaccine procurement, the general response to the pandemic was popular among citizens. The Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 is likely to have had a similar effect on citizens' perceptions of the EU, as it has led to much greater EU cooperation on the issue of external security.
Share of European respondents agreeing that the COVID-19 Pandemic changed their opinion on EU integration and cooperation for better or for worse in 2022
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Share of European respondents agreeing that the COVID-19 Pandemic changed their opinion on EU integration and cooperation for better or for worse in 2022
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ECFR. (June 24, 2020). Share of European respondents agreeing that the COVID-19 Pandemic changed their opinion on EU integration and cooperation for better or for worse in 2022 [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved February 23, 2025, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1361315/euroscepticism-covid-changed-attitudes/
ECFR. "Share of European respondents agreeing that the COVID-19 Pandemic changed their opinion on EU integration and cooperation for better or for worse in 2022." Chart. June 24, 2020. Statista. Accessed February 23, 2025. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1361315/euroscepticism-covid-changed-attitudes/
ECFR. (2020). Share of European respondents agreeing that the COVID-19 Pandemic changed their opinion on EU integration and cooperation for better or for worse in 2022. Statista. Statista Inc.. Accessed: February 23, 2025. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1361315/euroscepticism-covid-changed-attitudes/
ECFR. "Share of European Respondents Agreeing That The Covid-19 Pandemic Changed Their Opinion on Eu Integration and Cooperation for Better or for Worse in 2022." Statista, Statista Inc., 24 Jun 2020, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1361315/euroscepticism-covid-changed-attitudes/
ECFR, Share of European respondents agreeing that the COVID-19 Pandemic changed their opinion on EU integration and cooperation for better or for worse in 2022 Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1361315/euroscepticism-covid-changed-attitudes/ (last visited February 23, 2025)
Share of European respondents agreeing that the COVID-19 Pandemic changed their opinion on EU integration and cooperation for better or for worse in 2022 [Graph], ECFR, June 24, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1361315/euroscepticism-covid-changed-attitudes/
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