Russia spent the most on research and development among the countries in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), at around 50.7 billion U.S. dollars in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms in 2021. Ukraine's whose gross expenditure on R&D (GERD) was significantly lower, at approximately 2.5 billion U.S. dollars in PPP terms. In the following year, Ukraine's GERD was forecast to grow by nearly six percent.
Gross expenditure on research and development (GERD) in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) from 2021 to 2022, by selected country
(in billion U.S. dollars in PPP terms)
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R&D WORLD. (May 30, 2022). Gross expenditure on research and development (GERD) in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) from 2021 to 2022, by selected country (in billion U.S. dollars in PPP terms) [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved November 21, 2024, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1345122/cis-gerd-by-country/
R&D WORLD. "Gross expenditure on research and development (GERD) in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) from 2021 to 2022, by selected country (in billion U.S. dollars in PPP terms)." Chart. May 30, 2022. Statista. Accessed November 21, 2024. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1345122/cis-gerd-by-country/
R&D WORLD. (2022). Gross expenditure on research and development (GERD) in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) from 2021 to 2022, by selected country (in billion U.S. dollars in PPP terms). Statista. Statista Inc.. Accessed: November 21, 2024. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1345122/cis-gerd-by-country/
R&D WORLD. "Gross Expenditure on Research and Development (Gerd) in The Commonwealth of Independent States (Cis) from 2021 to 2022, by Selected Country (in Billion U.S. Dollars in Ppp Terms)." Statista, Statista Inc., 30 May 2022, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1345122/cis-gerd-by-country/
R&D WORLD, Gross expenditure on research and development (GERD) in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) from 2021 to 2022, by selected country (in billion U.S. dollars in PPP terms) Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1345122/cis-gerd-by-country/ (last visited November 21, 2024)
Gross expenditure on research and development (GERD) in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) from 2021 to 2022, by selected country (in billion U.S. dollars in PPP terms) [Graph], R&D WORLD, May 30, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1345122/cis-gerd-by-country/
