Birth defects among infants from Zika pregnancies by birth defect U.S. 2018

Between December 1, 2015 and March 31, 2018, among pregnancies with laboratory evidence of confirmed or possible Zika virus infection, around 3.1 percent of live-born infants had microcephaly and 1.1 percent some kind of eye abnormality. This graph shows the percentage of U.S. live-born infants, born between 2015 and 2018, from pregnancies with laboratory evidence of confirmed or possible Zika virus infection that had any Zika-associated birth defect, by birth defect.

Percentage of U.S. live-born infants from pregnancies with Zika virus infection that had any Zika-associated birth defect from 2015 to 2018, by birth defect*

Characteristic	Percentage of live-born infants
Any brain abnormality/microcephaly	4%
Microcephaly**	3.1%
Corpus callosum abnormalities	0.9%
Intracranial calcifications	0.9%
Abnormal cortical gyral patterns	0.8%
Ventriculomegaly/Hydrocephaly	0.8%
Cerebral or cortical atrophy	0.6%
Cerebellar abnormalities	0.4%
Fetal brain disruption sequence	0.2%
Brainstem abnormalities	0.1%
Porencephaly/Hydranencephaly	0.1%
Any eye abnormality	1.1%
Chorioretinal atrophy, scarring, or pigmentary changes	0.7%
Optic nerve abnormalities	0.5%
Coloboma	0.1%
Congenital cataract	0.1%
Microphthalmia	0.1%
Multiple brain or eye abnormalities	1.6%
Brain and eye abnormalities	0.5%
One or more brain abnormalities only	3.5%
One brain abnormality or microcephaly only	2.5%
Microcephaly only***	2.1%
Microcephaly only and SGA 98	1.4%
One or more eye abnormalities only	0.6%
One eye abnormality only	0.5%

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Release date

January 2022

More information

Region

Puerto Rico, United States, U.S. Virgin Islands

Survey time period

December 1, 2015 to March 31, 2018

Number of respondents

6,799 respondents

Supplementary notes

* From pregnancies with laboratory evidence of confirmed or possible Zika virus infection.

** Infants with birth head circumference below the third percentile based on INTERGROWTH-21st.
Among infants with microcephaly, 141 and 64 also had a birthweight below the 10th percentile (SGA) among pregnancies with laboratory evidence of confirmed or possible Zika virus infection during pregnancy and NAAT-confirmed Zika virus infection, respectively.

*** Neuroimaging was available for 66.0% and 29.2% of infants with microcephaly only from pregnancies with laboratory evidence of confirmed or possible Zika virus infection during pregnancy and NAAT-confirmed Zika virus infection, respectively.

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