Green hydrogen's carbon intensity in Europe 2019, by country

Sweden recorded the lowest level of carbon intensity for grid-connected hydrogen in Europe. Taking into account the 2019 power mix in Sweden, the production of green hydrogen via the grid would result in the release of some 0.38 metric tons of carbon dioxide. Sweden, Lithuania, and France are the only countries that would have met the EU Sustainable Taxonomy requirements for hydrogen production using national grid electricity. The EU Sustainable Taxonomy established a threshold of three metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent per metric ton of hydrogen. By comparison, Estonia would produce the most carbon intensive hydrogen through the grid, at 42.43 metric tons of carbon dioxide per metric ton of hydrogen. The source considered the break-even for grey hydrogen at 10.9 metric tons of carbon dioxide per metric ton of hydrogen. This would mean that of the countries listed only 13 would produce green hydrogen with a lower carbon footprint than grey hydrogen won directly through steam methane reforming.