In 2018, around 68 percent of the gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) was conducted by higher education institutions, which amounted to 21.9 billion Egyptian pounds (comparable to 1.4 billion U.S. dollars). Moreover, the government followed with a share of roughly 28 percent of the GERD in the country. Private non-profit institutions spent 10 million Egyptian pounds (638.2 thousand U.S. dollars), equal to a mere share of 0.03 percent.
Share of gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) in Egypt as of 2018, by sector
The source explains that: "Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD) is total intramural expenditure on R&D performed in the national territory during a specific reference period."
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UNESCO Institute for Statistics. (March 1, 2021). Share of gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) in Egypt as of 2018, by sector [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved December 22, 2024, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1245684/distribution-of-gross-domestic-expenditure-on-r-and-d-by-sector-in-egypt/
UNESCO Institute for Statistics. "Share of gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) in Egypt as of 2018, by sector." Chart. March 1, 2021. Statista. Accessed December 22, 2024. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1245684/distribution-of-gross-domestic-expenditure-on-r-and-d-by-sector-in-egypt/
UNESCO Institute for Statistics. (2021). Share of gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) in Egypt as of 2018, by sector. Statista. Statista Inc.. Accessed: December 22, 2024. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1245684/distribution-of-gross-domestic-expenditure-on-r-and-d-by-sector-in-egypt/
UNESCO Institute for Statistics. "Share of Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development (Gerd) in Egypt as of 2018, by Sector." Statista, Statista Inc., 1 Mar 2021, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1245684/distribution-of-gross-domestic-expenditure-on-r-and-d-by-sector-in-egypt/
UNESCO Institute for Statistics, Share of gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) in Egypt as of 2018, by sector Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1245684/distribution-of-gross-domestic-expenditure-on-r-and-d-by-sector-in-egypt/ (last visited December 22, 2024)
Share of gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) in Egypt as of 2018, by sector [Graph], UNESCO Institute for Statistics, March 1, 2021. [Online]. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1245684/distribution-of-gross-domestic-expenditure-on-r-and-d-by-sector-in-egypt/
