Monthly GDP of the UK 2019-2024
The economy of the United Kingdom shrank by 0.1 percent in October 2024, after also shrinking by 0.1 percent in September 2024. As of the most recent month, the UK economy is around 3.2 percent larger than it was in February 2020, just before the start of COVID-19 lockdowns. After a record 19.6 percent decline in GDP in April 2020, the UK economy quickly returned to growth in the following months, and grew through most of 2021.
Weak economic growth defines 2023
In December 2023, the UK economy was approximately the same size as it was a year earlier, and has struggled to achieve modest growth for a sustained period of time. Going into 2023, high-energy costs, as well as high interest rates, created an unfavorable environment for UK consumers and businesses. The inflationary pressures that drove these problems have started to subside, however, with inflation falling to 3.9 percent in November 2023 after peaking at 11.1 percent in October 2022. More long-term issues that have troubled the UK economy include low business investment, weak productivity growth, and regional inequality, which will prove much harder to fix.
Cost of living crisis continues into 2024
As of January 2024, just over half of people in the UK reported that their cost of living was higher than it was a year earlier. Although this is a decline from April 2023 when three-quarters of people reported a higher cost of living, high inflation continues to put households under severe pressure. Strong wage growth has only recently started to outpace inflation and despite support packages from the government, soaring energy and food costs have hit the poorest UK households particularly hard. According to recent estimates, living standards in the UK fell by 2.2 percent in 2022/23, and will fall again in 2023/24 and 2024/25, before the situation improves in 2025/26.