Foreign direct investment (FDI) in Ghana 2009-2021

Foreign direct investment (FDI) in Ghana amounted to 1.88 billion U.S. dollars in 2021, which represented roughly 3.3 percent of the country's GDP. Compared to 2020, the FDI inflow decreased by 730 million U.S. dollars. Ghana's mining and agricultural sectors are major areas for direct investment equity flows. In 2020, the total investment flowing into the mining sector totaled slightly over 1.1 billion U.S. dollars. Comparatively, direct investment aimed at the agriculture, farming, and fishing sector reached around 8.6 million U.S. dollars.

Major foreign investors

The government of Ghana has introduced tax holidays and corporate tax reductions or exemptions to promote foreign investments. In recent years, some major foreign investors in the country have included China and the United Kingdom. For instance, in 2020, the total stock of FDIs emanating from China amounted to around 1.6 billion U.S. dollars. Other main investors include South Africa, the Netherlands, and Australia.

Rising contribution of domestic investment to GDP

Gross domestic investment was projected to account for 22.1 percent of Ghana's GDP in 2022, representing an increase from an estimated 20.1 percent in the previous year. For domestic private investments, the share was forecast at 20.4 percent in 2022, up from the 18 percent estimate in the preceding year. On the other hand, domestic public investments in Ghana was projected at 1.8 percent of the nation's GDP in 2022, slightly declining from 2.1 percent in 2021.