Number of U.S. states with female suffrage 1869-1984

Number of U.S. states* that did not restrict voting based on gender between 1869 and 1920, and those who ratified the 19th Amendment between 1919 and 1984

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Release date

August 2020

Region

United States

Survey time period

1869 to 1984

Supplementary notes

*Also includes current states while they were still territories. Does not include current territories or the District of Columbia.

The years and states to remove gender-related restrictions regarding suffrage are as follows:
1869: Wyoming
1870: Utah (re-imposed between 1887 and 1896)
1883: Washington
1893: Colorado
1896: Idaho
1911: California
1912: Arizona, Kansas, Oregon
1913: Alaska, Illinois
1914: Montana, Nevada
1917: Indiana, Nebraska, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Rhode Island
1918: Michigan, Oklahoma, South Dakota
1919: Arkansas, Iowa, Maine, Minnesota, Missouri, New Hampshire, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Wisconsin
1920: Alabama, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mississippi, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia

The dates of ratification of the 19th Amendment are as follows:
Illinois: June 10, 1919
Wisconsin: June 10, 1919
Michigan: June 10, 1919
Kansas: June 16, 1919
Ohio: June 16, 1919
New York: June 16, 1919
Pennsylvania: June 24, 1919
Massachusetts: June 25, 1919
Texas: June 28, 1919
Iowa: July 2, 1919
Missouri: July 3, 1919
Arkansas: July 28, 1919
Montana: July 30, 1919
Nebraska: August 2, 1919
Minnesota: September 8, 1919
New Hampshire: September 10, 1919
Utah: September 30, 1919
California: November 1, 1919
Maine: November 5, 1919
North Dakota: December 1, 1919
South Dakota: December 4, 1919
Colorado: December 12, 1919
Kentucky: January 6, 1919
Rhode Island: January 6, 1920
Oregon: January 12, 1920
Indiana: January 16, 1920
Wyoming: January 26, 1920
Nevada: February 7, 1920
New Jersey: February 9, 1920
Idaho: February 11, 1920
Arizona: February 12, 1920
New Mexico: February 16, 1920
Oklahoma: February 23, 1920
West Virginia: March 10, 1920
Washington: March 22, 1920
Tennessee: August 18, 1920
Connecticut: September 14, 1920
Vermont: February 8, 1921
Delaware**: March 6, 1920
Maryland**: March 29, 1941
Virginia**: February 21, 1952
Alabama**: September 8, 1953
Florida: May 13, 1969
South Carolina**: July 1, 1969
Georgia**: February 20, 1970
Louisiana**: June 11, 1970
North Carolina: May 6, 1971
Mississippi**: March 22, 1984
Alaska and Hawaii did not have to ratify the Amendment, as it was already a part of the U.S. Constitution when they joined the union in 1959.

**Had initially rejected the amendment prior to August 18, 1920.

This data was compiled and cross referenced using information available from Rutgers University and the National Park Service. The dates of ratification were taken from individual state pages from the National Park Service, such as this; Mississippi.

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