While the R&D expenditure of high income countries has increased by almost 50 percent since 1996 to reach 1.08 trillion U.S. dollars in 2017, in middle and low income countries expenditure increased more than sevenfold over this time, reaching 568 billion. This increase is largely due to the influence of China, though. Once China is excluded, 2017 R&D spending for middle and low income countries drops to 195 billion U.S. dollars.
All dollar amounts are nominalized to 2005 purchasing power parity values.
Global research and development (R&D) expenditures from 1996 to 2017, by income group
(in million 2005 PPP U.S. dollars)
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WIPO. (July 12, 2019). Global research and development (R&D) expenditures from 1996 to 2017, by income group (in million 2005 PPP U.S. dollars) [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved November 07, 2024, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1102571/global-research-development-expenditure-income-group/
WIPO. "Global research and development (R&D) expenditures from 1996 to 2017, by income group (in million 2005 PPP U.S. dollars)." Chart. July 12, 2019. Statista. Accessed November 07, 2024. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1102571/global-research-development-expenditure-income-group/
WIPO. (2019). Global research and development (R&D) expenditures from 1996 to 2017, by income group (in million 2005 PPP U.S. dollars). Statista. Statista Inc.. Accessed: November 07, 2024. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1102571/global-research-development-expenditure-income-group/
WIPO. "Global Research and Development (R&d) Expenditures from 1996 to 2017, by Income Group (in Million 2005 Ppp U.S. Dollars)." Statista, Statista Inc., 12 Jul 2019, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1102571/global-research-development-expenditure-income-group/
WIPO, Global research and development (R&D) expenditures from 1996 to 2017, by income group (in million 2005 PPP U.S. dollars) Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1102571/global-research-development-expenditure-income-group/ (last visited November 07, 2024)
Global research and development (R&D) expenditures from 1996 to 2017, by income group (in million 2005 PPP U.S. dollars) [Graph], WIPO, July 12, 2019. [Online]. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1102571/global-research-development-expenditure-income-group/
