The Social Hostility index in Russia reached 3.9 out of 10 points in 2021, having increased from the previous year. The Government Restrictions index declined slightly to 8.3 out of 10 points. That corresponded to the "very high" level of restrictions, according to the study methodology. The two indices look at religious restrictions around the world.
Index scores of social hostility and government restrictions on religion in Russia from 2007 to 2021
*Baseline year, ending June 2007. Other years end in December.
Data on Crimea are included from 2015.
The Social Hostility index implies acts of religious hostility by private individuals, organizations or groups. The Government Restrictions index score includes laws, policies and actions by officials that restrict religious beliefs and practices. Both indices have the highest score of 10 points (corresponds to the highest level of religious hostility or restrictions).
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Pew Research Center. (March 5, 2024). Index scores of social hostility and government restrictions on religion in Russia from 2007 to 2021 [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved January 08, 2025, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1006387/religious-restriction-russia-by-social-hostility-index-government-restrictions/
Pew Research Center. "Index scores of social hostility and government restrictions on religion in Russia from 2007 to 2021." Chart. March 5, 2024. Statista. Accessed January 08, 2025. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1006387/religious-restriction-russia-by-social-hostility-index-government-restrictions/
Pew Research Center. (2024). Index scores of social hostility and government restrictions on religion in Russia from 2007 to 2021. Statista. Statista Inc.. Accessed: January 08, 2025. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1006387/religious-restriction-russia-by-social-hostility-index-government-restrictions/
Pew Research Center. "Index Scores of Social Hostility and Government Restrictions on Religion in Russia from 2007 to 2021." Statista, Statista Inc., 5 Mar 2024, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1006387/religious-restriction-russia-by-social-hostility-index-government-restrictions/
Pew Research Center, Index scores of social hostility and government restrictions on religion in Russia from 2007 to 2021 Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1006387/religious-restriction-russia-by-social-hostility-index-government-restrictions/ (last visited January 08, 2025)
Index scores of social hostility and government restrictions on religion in Russia from 2007 to 2021 [Graph], Pew Research Center, March 5, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1006387/religious-restriction-russia-by-social-hostility-index-government-restrictions/
